Living
Maxims I
Translated by Cosette Faust Newton & Stith Thompson (1918) · From Old English Poems, ed. Cosette Faust & Stith Thompson (1918)
All frost shall freeze, fire consume wood,
Earth grow its fruits. Ice shall bridge water,
Which shall carry its cover and cunningly lock
The herbs of earth. One only shall loose
The fetter of frost, the Father Almighty.
Winter shall away, the weather be fair,
The sun hot in summer. The sea shall be restless.
The deep way of death is the darkest of secrets.
Holly flames on the fire. Afar shall be scattered
The goods of a dead man. Glory is best.
A king shall with cups secure his queen,
Buy her with bracelets. Both shall at first
Be generous with gifts. Then shall grow in the man
The pride of war, and his wife shall prosper,
Cherished by the folk; cheerful of mood,
She shall keep all counsel and in kindness of heart
Give horses and treasure; before the train of heroes
With full measure of mead on many occasions
She shall lovingly greet her gracious lord,
Shall hold the cup high and hand him to drink
Like a worthy wife. Wisely shall counsel
The two who hold their home together.
The ship shall be nailed, the shield be bound,
The light linden-wood. When he lands in the haven,
To the Frisian wife is the welcome one dear:
The boat is at hand and her bread-winner home,
Her own provider. She invites him in
And washes his sea-stained garments and gives him new ones to wear:
It is pleasant on land when the loved one awaits you.
Woman shall be wedded to man, and her wickedness oft shall disgrace him;
Some are firm in their faith, some forward and curious
And shall love a stranger while their lord is afar.
A sailor is long on his course, but his loved one awaits his coming,
Abides what can not be controlled, for the time will come at last
For his home return, if his health permit, and the heaving waters
High over his head do not hold him imprisoned.
Codex Note
The second group of the Exeter Book gnomes, the part containing the famous lines on the Frisian wife; the translators give only this group, not the whole poem. The spaces mid-line are the translators' marks of the caesura. ASPR Maxims I.
Cite this poem
MLA
Anonymous (Old English). “Maxims I.” Translated by Cosette Faust Newton and Stith Thompson. Poetry Codex, poetrycodex.com/poem/anonymous-old-english/228/.
Chicago
Anonymous (Old English). “Maxims I.” Translated by Cosette Faust Newton and Stith Thompson. Poetry Codex. https://poetrycodex.com/poem/anonymous-old-english/228/.
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