Celtic

Anonymous (Old Welsh)

c. 6th–12th century


The Welsh poems here are those of the Black Book of Carmarthen (about 1250) and the Red Book of Hergest (about 1400), including prophecy, praise, religious verse, the Verses of the Graves and the poem of Geraint son of Erbin, that carry no ascription or only a doubtful one. Their composition ranges from the early Middle Ages to the twelfth century.

They are given in the English translation by the Rev. D. Silvan Evans, printed with the Welsh in William F. Skene's The Four Ancient Books of Wales (1868), under Skene's titles and numbers. Where a poem is also found in the Book of Taliesin, Williams's version is credited too.

  1. Black Book of Caermarthen XXXI
  2. Geraint, Son of Erbin (Black Book of Caermarthen XXII)
  3. Black Book of Caermarthen XXXV
  4. Red Book of Hergest XXII
  5. Black Book of Caermarthen XXXIII
  6. Black Book of Caermarthen XXXVIII
  7. Black Book of Caermarthen XV
  8. Black Book of Caermarthen VIII
  9. The Verses of the Graves (Black Book of Caermarthen XIX)
  10. Names of the Sons of Llywarch Hen (Black Book of Caermarthen XXXIX)
  11. Black Book of Caermarthen XXX
  12. Black Book of Caermarthen XXXIV
  13. Red Book of Hergest XI
  14. Black Book of Caermarthen XXXII
  15. Red Book of Hergest XVII
  16. Red Book of Hergest XII
  17. Black Book of Caermarthen I
  18. Red Book of Hergest XV
  19. Red Book of Hergest XVI
  20. Black Book of Caermarthen XVI
  21. Red Book of Hergest XX
  22. Red Book of Hergest XIX
  23. Red Book of Hergest XXI
  24. Meigant (Black Book of Caermarthen II)
  25. Cuhelyn (Black Book of Caermarthen III)
  26. Black Book of Caermarthen IV
  27. The Cynghogion of Elaeth (Black Book of Caermarthen XX)
  28. Black Book of Caermarthen XXI
  29. Black Book of Caermarthen V
  30. Black Book of Caermarthen VI
  31. Black Book of Caermarthen VII
  32. Black Book of Caermarthen IX
  33. Black Book of Caermarthen X
  34. Black Book of Caermarthen XI
  35. Black Book of Caermarthen XII
  36. Black Book of Caermarthen XIII
  37. Black Book of Caermarthen XXV
  38. Black Book of Caermarthen XXIX
  39. Black Book of Caermarthen XXVI
  40. Black Book of Caermarthen XXVII
  41. Red Book of Hergest IV
  42. Red Book of Hergest III
  43. Red Book of Hergest XVIII
  44. The Viaticum of Llevoed Wynebglawr (Red Book of Hergest XXIV)
  45. Hail, Glorious Lord!

See Anonymous (Old Welsh) in the full archive →