Living

Maxims of Theognis: Force no one of these

by Theognis of Megara fl. 6th century BC

Translated by Rev. J. Banks (Bohn, 1856) · From Hesiod, Callimachus and Theognis (Bohn, 1856)

Living

Force no one of these against his will to remain with us, nor bid any, if he wishes it not, go out of doors. Nor rouse in-his-sleep, Simonides, whomsoever of us, drunken with wine, soft sleep shall have seized. Neither bid him that is watchful, sleep against his will, for every-thing-done-by-compulsion is vexatious. And to him that chooses to drink let one stand near and pour-out-wine: not every night does it happen to us to live delicately. Now I, for I have due measure of sweet wine, will go home, and be mindful of care-relaxing sleep; and I will show that wine is most pleasant for a man to drink, for neither am I a whit sober, nor yet am I very drunk. Now whoso exceeds the due measure of drinking, that man is no longer master of his tongue or mind: but he speaks scandalous words, which, to the sober, seem disgraceful, and nothing is he ashamed to do, whensoever he may be drunk. Though he were sensible before, then he is a fool: do you, then, knowing these things, not drink wine in excess; but either, before you are intoxicated, rise and go, lest your stomach constrain you, like a worthless hireling for-the-day; or be present, and do not drink: but you, though knowing these things, are ever babbling this foolish word, “pour-in: therefore, look you, you are drunk. For one cup is taken to friendship;” another is pledged: this you offer as a libation to the gods: the fourth you hold in your hand. And you know not how to say nay; now, look you, that man will be invincible, who, though he drink many cups, shall say nothing silly. But do ye discourse well, tarrying beside the bowl, long keeping-off contentions one from the other; speaking fairly and evenly alike to one and with all, and thus a banquet becomes not unpleasant.

This translation is printed as prose in its source edition.

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Literal prose translation by the Rev. J. Banks (Bohn, 1856), printed as prose: the plain-sense companion to Frere’s verse version. Banks’s hyphenated compounds are his own.

MLA

Megara, Theognis of. “Maxims of Theognis: Force no one of these.” Translated by Rev. J. Banks. Poetry Codex, poetrycodex.com/poem/theognis/194/.

Chicago

Megara, Theognis of. “Maxims of Theognis: Force no one of these.” Translated by Rev. J. Banks. Poetry Codex. https://poetrycodex.com/poem/theognis/194/.

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